Plant Fact Sheet

Acanthaceae
Chuparosa
Justicia californica

Throughout the desert regions of California, Arizona, and northwest Mexico, Justicia californica is most frequently found growing in the sandy dry soils of wash areas below 2,500 feet. This shrub, commonly referred to as Chuparosa, is a dominant member of the desert wash community that has light green stems and leaves and is typically 3 feet high and 4 feet wide. During periods of extended drought, Chuparosa will quickly shed its leaves in order to minimize the loss of water through the leaves. This adaptation is somewhat common among desert plants and those retaining this trait are accurately described as being drought-deciduous. Even more interesting however is the ability of a leafless plant to continue photosynthesis through its green stems. This survival strategy allows a plant to simultaneously conserve water while still producing energy.

Justicia californica is not only admirable in its natural habitat, but also in a desert landscape setting. Its brilliant red tubular flowers, high drought-tolerance, full sun preference and low maintenance make it a top choice for landscapers. Because Chuparosa should be left to grow naturally, the eventual size, 3 feet high by 4 feet wide, of the plant should be considered when planting. Gardeners in the Coachella Valley should water this plant every other week in the cool months and once a week during the warm months.

Chuparosa, most importantly, provides a valuable food source for our year-round and migratory hummingbirds. Hummingbirds are well aware of the rich and sweet nectar these preferred plants provide. There are also a few other Justicias that do well here in the Coachella Valley and can be used in a hummingbird garden: Justicia spicigera (Mexican Honeysuckle), J. ovata (Arizona Honeysuckle), and J. brandegeeana (Shrimp Plant). All four species of Justicia are represented in our original Hummingbird Garden which lies adjacent to our Palm Oasis Garden and also in our new Hummingbird Garden located near the Model Train Exhibit. Justicia californica is however the Garden Department’s preferred Justicia and you will notice how extensively we have used this native species throughout the general landscape of the park. Justicia californica is in peak bloom from early to mid March.